Từ vựng IELTS Writing & Speaking chủ đề CULTURE

Chủ đề về Culture thường nằm trong top 10 chủ đề phổ biến trong đề thi IELTS nhất là trong phần IELTS Writing và Speaking. Sẽ là một khó khăn nếu bạn không có vốn từ vựng khi phần thi IELTS thân thuộc cho chủ đề này. Dưới đây IELTS Thanh Loan tổng hợp từ vựng hữu ích để các bạn cùng ôn luyện nhé.

Danh từ về chủ đề văn hóa  

1, Cultural diversity 

• Định nghĩa: the existence of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups within a society.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: sự đa dạng văn hoá
• Ví dụ: The movements of support for cultural diversity usually see protection of scholarship in national languages as part of the struggle.

2, Cultural exchange 

• Định nghĩa: sharing different ideas, traditions, and knowledge with someone who may be coming from a completely different background than your own.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: sự trao đổi văn hoá
• Ví dụ: The students participated in a cultural exchange program, where they learned about Japanese customs and shared their own cultural traditions.

3, Cultural assimilation 

• Định nghĩa:  the process in which a minority group or culture comes to resemble a society’s majority group
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: sự đồng hoá về văn hoá
• Ví dụ: Over time, the immigrant community experienced cultural assimilation as they integrated into the local society and adopted its practices.

4, Culture shock 

• Định nghĩa: a feeling of confusion felt by someone visiting a country or place that they do not know
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: sốc văn hoá
• Ví dụ: It was a real culture shock to find herself in Bangkok after living on a small island.

5, Cultural specificity

• Định nghĩa: the property of being specific to one or more cultures, and hence not existing in other cultures
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: nét đặc trưng văn hoá
• Ví dụ: We tend to conflate the difference between the two, and thus lose the cultural specificity of ‘ pop/rock’.

6, Stereotype /ˈster.i.ə.taɪp/

• Định nghĩa: a set idea that people have about what someone or something is like, especially an idea that is wrong
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: rập khuôn
• Ví dụ: He doesn’t conform to the national stereotype of a Frenchman.

7, Ritual /ˈrɪtʃ.u.əl/

• Định nghĩa: a fixed set of actions and words, especially as part of a religious ceremony
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: lễ nghi
• Ví dụ: This part of the ceremony is nothing more than formal ritual.

8, Cultural identity

• Định nghĩa: a part of a person’s identity, or their self-conception and self-perception, and is related to nationality, ethnicity, religion, social class, generation, locality or any kind of social group that has its own distinct culture.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: bản sắc văn hóa
• Ví dụ: Based on cultural identity, these networks may provide a sense of familiarity and security in otherwise foreign contexts.

9, Traditional belief and customs 

• Định nghĩa: the longstanding beliefs, practices, and rituals that are passed down through generations within a culture.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: Niềm tin và phong tục truyền thống
• Ví dụ: The tribe’s traditional beliefs and customs play a central role in their daily lives, guiding their interactions with nature and each other.

10, The disappearance of some minority languages

• Định nghĩa: the gradual fading away or extinction of languages spoken by smaller ethnic or cultural groups.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: sự biến mất của một số ngôn ngữ thiểu số
• Ví dụ: Globalization and modernization have contributed to the disappearance of some minority languages as younger generations prioritize learning dominant languages.

11, A multicultural society

• Định nghĩa: a society that consists of diverse cultural groups
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: một xã hội đa văn hóa
• Ví dụ: Canada is often cited as a prime example of a multicultural society, where people from various backgrounds coexist harmoniously.

12, People of different cultural backgrounds

• Định nghĩa: individuals who come from various cultural, ethnic, or social backgrounds.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: những người thuộc các nền văn hóa khác nhau
• Ví dụ: The conference brought together people of different cultural backgrounds to discuss global issues and share their perspectives.

13, Minority group /maɪˈnɒrəti ɡruːp/

• Định nghĩa: any small group in society that is different from the rest because of their race, religion, or political beliefs, or a person who belongs to such a group
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: dân tộc thiểu số
• Ví dụ: He argued that African Americans and other minorities were not getting a fair deal in sports and elsewhere in society.

14, Cultural festival /kʌltʃərəl ˈfestɪvl/

• Định nghĩa: a public event or celebration that highlights and showcases the cultural traditions, art, music, and cuisine of a specific culture or community.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: lễ hội văn hoá
• Ví dụ: The annual cultural festival attracted visitors from all over the world who came to experience the rich traditions and performances.

15, Cultural heritage /kʌltʃərəl ˈherɪtɪdʒ/

• Định nghĩa: the heritage of tangible and intangible heritage assets of a group or society that is inherited from past generations.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: di sản văn hoá
• Ví dụ: Such communities emphasize cultural heritage, values, and traditions.

16, Cultural integration /kʌltʃərəl ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃn/

• Định nghĩa: the process of blending and harmonizing different cultural elements, values, and practices from various sources.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: hội nhập văn hóa
• Ví dụ: The multicultural city of New York is a prime example of cultural integration, where people from diverse backgrounds coexist and exchange ideas.

17, Cultural misconception /kʌltʃərəl ˌmɪskənˈsepʃn/

• Định nghĩa: a mistaken or inaccurate belief or understanding about a particular culture, often due to lack of knowledge or exposure.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: hiểu lầm về văn hóa
• Ví dụ: Many tourists have cultural misconceptions about eating habits in Japan, assuming that sushi is the only staple food when in fact there is a wide variety of dishes.

18, Cultural uniqueness /kʌltʃərəl juˈniːknəs/

• Định nghĩa: the distinct and exceptional qualities that make a particular culture different and special from others.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: nét độc đáo trong văn hóa
• Ví dụ: The cultural uniqueness of the indigenous tribe is reflected in their traditional dances, intricate artwork, and storytelling.

19, Civilization /sɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/

• Định nghĩa: human society with its well developed social organizations, or the culture and way of life of a society or country at a particular period in time
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: nền văn minh
• Ví dụ: Some people think that nuclear war would mean the end of civilization.

20, Ethical standard /eθɪkl ˈstændəd/

• Định nghĩa: a set of moral principles or guidelines that govern individual behavior and interactions within a society.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: chuẩn mực đạo đức
• Ví dụ: The company’s commitment to high ethical standards is evident in its fair treatment of employees and responsible business practices.

21, Fine art handicraft articles /faɪn ɑːt ˈhændikrɑːft ˈɑːtɪkl/

• Định nghĩa: items created through skilled craftsmanship that possess artistic and aesthetic value.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: đồ thủ công mỹ nghệ
• Ví dụ: The art gallery showcased a collection of fine art handicraft articles, including intricately designed ceramics and handwoven textiles.

22, Folk culture /fəʊk ˈkʌltʃər

• Định nghĩa: the cultural traditions, beliefs, and practices of a community or group that are passed down through generations.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: văn hóa dân gian
• Ví dụ: Folk culture is preserved through storytelling, traditional songs, and rituals that have been practiced in rural communities for centuries.

23, Historic site /hɪˈstɒrɪk saɪt/

• Định nghĩa: a place that holds significant historical, cultural, or archaeological value and is preserved for its importance.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: di tích lịch sử
• Ví dụ: The Great Wall of China is a famous historic site that attracts millions of tourists each year due to its rich history and architectural marvels.

24, Acculturation  /əˌkʌl.tʃərˈeɪ.ʃən/

• Định nghĩa: the process of changing so that you become more like people from a different culture, or of making someone change in this way
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: sự tiếp nhận và biến đổi văn hóa
• Ví dụ: Acculturation has become a well-recognized and important area of study

25, Culture hearth  /ˈkʌl.tʃɚ.əl hɑːθ/

• Định nghĩa:  geographic area where a cultural innovation originated and then diffused from. 
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: cái nôi văn hóa
• Ví dụ: The area around Mecca is considered the culture hearth for the Islamic religion.

Động từ về chủ đề văn hóa 

1, To abandon one’s own culture 

• Định nghĩa: to consciously and deliberately distance oneself from one’s own cultural practices, beliefs, and traditions.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: từ bỏ văn hóa của ai
• Ví dụ: After moving to a foreign country, some individuals may choose to abandon their own culture in order to assimilate into the new society more quickly.

2, To adapt to a new culture ~ to adopt a new culture 

• Định nghĩa: to become accustomed to and incorporate the practices, beliefs, and customs of a different culture.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: thích nghi với văn hóa mới ~ tiếp nhận một văn hóa mới
• Ví dụ: When Lan moved to Japan, she made an effort to adapt to the new culture by learning the language, participating in local traditions, and adopting Japanese etiquette.

3, To experience great culture shock 

• Định nghĩa: to feel disoriented, anxious, and confused when encountering a new and unfamiliar culture.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: trải qua cảm giác sốc về văn hóa
• Ví dụ: After moving from a rural village to a bustling city, John experienced great culture shock as he struggled to adjust to the fast-paced lifestyle and urban environment.

4, To instill cultural and traditional values into somebody 

• Định nghĩa: to deliberately teach and promote the cultural and traditional values of a particular group or society in someone.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: thấm nhuần các giá trị văn hóa và truyền thống vào ai đó
• Ví dụ: Parents often try to instill cultural and traditional values into their children by sharing stories, participating in rituals, and practicing customs from their heritage.

5, To get deeper insight into

• Định nghĩa: to gain a more profound understanding or knowledge about a particular subject or aspect.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: có được cái nhìn sâu sắc hơn về…
• Ví dụ: By studying the history of ancient civilizations, researchers can get a deeper insight into the cultural and technological advancements of the past.

6, To show great respect for 

• Định nghĩa: to display a high level of admiration, honor, and deference towards someone or something.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: thể hiện sự tôn trọng lớn đối với…
• Ví dụ: During the ceremony, the community members showed great respect for their elders by bowing and presenting gifts as a gesture of honor.

7, To integrate /ɪntɪɡreɪt/

• Định nghĩa:  to mix with and join society or a group of people, often changing to suit their way of life, habits, and customs
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: hội nhập
• Ví dụ: It’s very difficult to integrate yourself into a society whose culture is so different from your own.

8, To assimilate /əˈsɪməleɪt/

• Định nghĩa: to become part of a group, country, society, etc., or to make someone or something become part of a group, country, society, etc
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: đồng hóa
• Ví dụ: You shouldn’t expect immigrants to assimilate into an alien culture immediately.

9, To show prejudice (against sb/sth) /ʃəʊ ˈpredʒədɪs

• Định nghĩa: to demonstrate unfair bias or negative feelings towards a person or group based on preconceived notions or stereotypes.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: thể hiện thành kiến với ai đó/cái gì đó
• Ví dụ: It is unfortunate when individuals show prejudice against people of different ethnic backgrounds, as it perpetuates discrimination and division.

10, To retain original characteristics

• Định nghĩa: to preserve the unique qualities and traits that define something.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: duy trì những đặc điểm truyền thống
• Ví dụ: The historical village has managed to retain its original characteristics, providing visitors with a glimpse into the past.

11, To preserve / keep/ save / conserve values of culture

• Định nghĩa: to safeguard and maintain the beliefs, practices, and heritage of a particular culture.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: bảo tồn, duy trì những giá trị văn hóa
• Ví dụ: The museum’s mission is to preserve the values of culture by showcasing artifacts, artworks, and traditions from different historical periods.

12, To renew/ renovate / rebuild historical relics

• Định nghĩa: to restore, update, or reconstruct cultural artifacts or sites of historical importance.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: trùng tu, làm mới di tích lịch sử
• Ví dụ: The government invested in the project to renew the ancient palace, ensuring that the historical relic remains accessible to future generations.

13, To strengthen cultural bonds between distant communities

• Định nghĩa: to enhance the relationships based on shared cultural elements between communities that are geographically separated.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: thắt chặt mối liên kết văn hóa giữa các cộng đồng xa cách nhau
• Ví dụ: The exchange program aimed to strengthen cultural bonds between students from different continents by promoting cross-cultural understanding and collaboration.

14, To reinforce cultural exchange

• Định nghĩa: to strengthen and enhance the interaction, sharing, and mutual understanding of cultural practices and values between different groups or societies.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: tăng cường giao lưu văn hóa
• Ví dụ: The international festival aims to reinforce cultural exchange by bringing together artists, musicians, and performers from various countries to showcase their traditions.

15, To endanger key cultural traditions

• Định nghĩa: to threaten the continuation of important and foundational cultural practices or customs.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: làm ảnh hưởng đến văn hóa truyền thống quan trọng
• Ví dụ: The modernization of the village endangers key cultural traditions as younger generations become less interested in learning and preserving their heritage.

16, To broaden their horizons

• Định nghĩa: to expand one’s knowledge, experiences, and perspectives by engaging with diverse cultures, ideas, and viewpoints.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: mở mang tầm nhìn của họ
• Ví dụ: Traveling to different countries can broaden their horizons and help people understand the world from different cultural contexts.

Tính từ về chủ đề văn hóa 

1, To be imbued with national identity 

• Định nghĩa: to be deeply influenced by and strongly connected to the sense of belonging and characteristics that define a particular nation or country.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: thấm nhuần bản sắc dân tộc
• Ví dụ: The cultural traditions and values of the festival are imbued with national identity, reflecting the pride and unity of the local community.

2, To be well preserved 

• Định nghĩa: to be maintained and protected in good condition over time, often referring to cultural artifacts, traditions, or heritage.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: được bảo tồn tốt
• Ví dụ: The ancient temple remains well-preserved, allowing visitors to experience the architecture and artistry of the past.

3, Indigenous culture

• Định nghĩa: the traditional customs, beliefs, and practices that are unique to the original inhabitants of a specific region or land.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: văn hóa bản địa
• Ví dụ: The indigenous culture of the native tribes includes storytelling, dances, and rituals that have been passed down for generations.

4, Exotic culture

• Định nghĩa: the culture of foreign or distant lands that may appear fascinating, unusual, or unfamiliar to individuals from a different cultural background.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: văn hóa nước ngoài xâm nhập vào, văn hoá ngoại lai
• Ví dụ: The restaurant offers an exotic cultural experience through its menu, featuring dishes from various countries around the world.

5, Time-honored culture/ Long-standing culture

• Định nghĩa: cultural practices, values, and traditions that have been respected and upheld for a significant period of time.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: nền văn hoá lâu đời
• Ví dụ: The time-honored culture of the ancient city is evident in its architecture, local festivals, and traditional craftsmanship.

6, Melting-pot society 

• Định nghĩa: a society characterized by the coexistence and blending of diverse cultural backgrounds, resulting in a mixture of traditions, languages, and values.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: xã hội đa văn hóa, đa sắc tộc
• Ví dụ: New York City is often described as a melting-pot society due to its rich diversity and the integration of cultures from all around the world.

7, To be in danger of extinction

• Định nghĩa: facing the possibility of disappearing completely and no longer existing.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: đứng trước nguy cơ tuyệt chủng
• Ví dụ: The endangered species is in danger of extinction due to habitat loss and environmental changes.

Một số địa điểm lịch sử, phong tục của Việt Nam 

1, Thirty-six streets of old Hanoi

• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: ba mươi sáu phố phường Hà Nội cổ
• Ví dụ: The Thirty-six streets of old Hanoi showcase the city’s rich history, with each street carrying a unique story of craftsmanship and culture.

2, The Old quarter

• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: phố cổ
• Ví dụ: Tourists often flock to The Old Quarter to experience the charm of its ancient architecture, bustling markets, and authentic local eateries.

3, My Son Sanctuary

• Định nghĩa: an archaeological site in Vietnam that contains the remains of a group of Hindu temples built during the Champa civilization.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: thánh địa Mỹ Sơn
• Ví dụ: My Son Sanctuary is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, attracting visitors with its ancient temples and intricate carvings.

4, Notre Dame Cathedral

• Định nghĩa: a Catholic cathedral located in Ho Chi Minh City, known for its neo-Romanesque architecture and historical significance.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: nhà thờ Đức Bà
• Ví dụ: Notre Dame Cathedral is a popular landmark, visited by both tourists and locals for its architectural beauty and religious importance.

5, Reunification Palace

• Định nghĩa: a historic building in Ho Chi Minh City that played a significant role in Vietnam’s history, especially during the reunification period.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: Dinh Thống Nhất
• Ví dụ: Reunification Palace stands as a symbol of Vietnam’s journey towards national unity and independence.

6, Nha Rong Habour

• Định nghĩa: a historical harbor in Ho Chi Minh City that holds cultural significance as the departure point of Ho Chi Minh’s journey to seek national salvation.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: bến Nhà Rồng
• Ví dụ: Nha Rong Harbour is a place of historical reflection, commemorating Ho Chi Minh’s dedication to the country’s liberation.

7, Ho Chi Minh mausoleum

• Định nghĩa: a mausoleum in Hanoi that houses the preserved body of Ho Chi Minh, a prominent figure in Vietnam’s history.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: lăng Bác
• Ví dụ: The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum is a solemn site where visitors pay their respects to the beloved leader and learn about his contributions.

8, Temple of literature

• Định nghĩa: a historical complex in Hanoi dedicated to Confucius and scholars, serving as Vietnam’s first national university.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: Văn Miếu Quốc Tử Giám
• Ví dụ: The Temple of Literature is a place of cultural and educational heritage, visited by students seeking blessings for their studies.

9, Hoa Lu Ancient Capital

• Định nghĩa: an archaeological site in Ninh Binh Province, representing the ancient capital of Vietnam during the Dinh and Le dynasties.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: Cố đô Hoa Lư
• Ví dụ: Hoa Lu Ancient Capital offers a glimpse into Vietnam’s feudal history with its temple complexes and historical relics.

10, Imperial Citadel of Thang Long 

• Định nghĩa: a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Hanoi, representing the remnants of the ancient citadel and political center of the capital.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: Hoàng Thành Thăng Long
• Ví dụ: The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long provides insights into Vietnam’s dynastic past and serves as a cultural and historical land

11, Calligraphy  /kəˈlɪɡ.rə.fi/

• Định nghĩa: (the art of producing) beautiful writing, often created with a special pen or brush
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: nghệ thuật thư pháp
• Ví dụ: There’s some wonderful calligraphy in these old manuscripts.

12, Water puppetry 

• Định nghĩa: a traditional Vietnamese performing art where puppets are controlled by puppeteers in water, telling stories and enacting scenes.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: múa rối nước
• Ví dụ: Water puppetry performances are a captivating cultural experience that showcases the creativity and ingenuity of Vietnamese artisans.

13, Incense offering /ˈɪnsɛns ˈɔːfərɪŋ/

• Định nghĩa: the act of burning incense as a symbolic gesture of respect and devotion in various religious and cultural practices.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: thắp hương
• Ví dụ: People visit the temple to make incense offerings as a way to honor their ancestors and seek blessings for their families.

14, Dragon dancers

• Định nghĩa: performers who manipulate and animate a dragon puppet in dances and processions, often associated with cultural celebrations.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: múa lân
• Ví dụ: The dragon dancers paraded through the streets, bringing vibrant energy and festive spirit to the New Year’s celebration.

15, First call

• Định nghĩa: the person designated to enter a new house or space before others as a symbolic act to bring good luck and blessings.
• Nghĩa Tiếng Việt: người xông đất
• Ví dụ: During the housewarming party, the first caller stepped into the new home, symbolizing the start of positive energy and prosperity.